Bacteria such as Serratia, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Bacillus and actinomycetes from the genera Streptomycetes, Streptosporangium and Nacardiopsis are able to induce systemic resistance in plants (Kloepper et al., 1992), and shown biological traits like antibiotic activity and lysis. They have been isolated from a wide range of hosts including wild and cultivated crops, such as woody […]

Fungi are well-known antagonists of many plant pathogens, and some of them, mainly Trichoderma (Shukla and Uniyal, 1989; Wijesekera et al., 1996; Ilias and Abdullah, 1999), Aspergillus (Shukla and Uniyal, 1989) and Penicillium (Dharmaputra et al., 1989) have been evaluated against Ganoderma. This article describes an in vitro method to evaluate the potential of fungi […]

Fungicides are used to control plant diseases. New compounds with novel modes of action have been developed from the 1990s – strobilurins, phenylpyrroles, anilinopyrimidines, phenoxyquinolines and compounds that trigger the plant defence system. There are now 113 compounds registered worldwide as fungicides (Knight et al., 1997). However, none of them are effective against Ganoderma basal […]

Geospatial technology of global positioning system (GPS), remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) is widely used in mapping. Geospatial data as remotely sensed imagery and other raster formats are increasingly collected in fi ner resolution. Interpreting and visualizing information from the data has become an essential element in natural resources management, environmental planning […]

Down-regulating genes is one way to generate transgenic plants in genetic engineering. Knocking out a gene by antisense technology has been applied to modify the oil palm fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, but it is not the most effi cient approach. Recently, the discovery in plants of RNA interference (RNAi) mediated by sequence-specifi c degradation of […]