Malaysia has conducted research on renewable fuel. Methyl ester, derived from palm oil through an esterification process, has proven to be suitable for unmodified diesel engines. Hence, a test on this fuel or its derivative is a prerequisite before it can be fully used in the engine. Fuel testings are normally required to meet increasing […]

Information technology (IT) in land related matters comprises the geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS) and remote sensing (RS). GIS is a computer-based system that helps to manipulate georeferenced data. It involves the entering, storing, manipulating, analysing and displaying of geographic or spatial data (Congalton and Green, 1992). IT provides the quickest and […]

The understanding of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the oil palm environment have increased considerably over the last decade. Three of the most important GHG are nitrous dioxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). A number of potential strategirs has been formulated to reduce such emissions. The chamber method is commonly used to measure […]

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an analytical tool that is used to evaluate the impact to ecosystem quality, resources and human health along the whole life cycle of a product. In the case of palm oil production, LCA captures these effects at the various stages, which cover the production of oil palm seedlisings plantations, the […]