The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the sine qua non of many molecular biology laboratories. It basically uses enzymes to mass replicate a portion of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand for easier analysis, such as in searching for genes of interest. Like the nuclear chain reaction, PCR is an exponential process that continues as long […]

MPOB has purchased a FACS Calibur Flow Cytometer (Becton Dickinson, USA) in 2003 (Figure 1). It is equipped with an argon ion laser for analysis of the fluorescent intensity of nuclei using the CellQuest software. Flow cytometry (FCM) is a rapid and convenient technique that allows accurate determination of (1) nuclear DNA content or genome […]