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Several types of polyols can be produced by MPOB’s pilot plant (800 kg capacity per batch). The polyols are obtained by reacting epoxidized palm oil with a short-chain alcohol, such as glycerol or ethylene glycol. These polyols can then be reacted with suitable isocyanates to give a variety of polyurethane (PU) products. The PU products can … Read more

Palm methyl esters have been found suitable as a green alternative to petroleum-based solvents. Palm methyl esters, in combination with surfactants, have good cleaning properties. The surfactants remove dirtfrom a soiledsurface while themethyl estershelptodissolve the polar deposits so that they remain suspended in the solution rather than being re-deposited on clean surfaces. The detergencies of … Read more

Palm methyl esters have been found suitable as a green alternative to petroleum-based solvents. Palm methyl esters, in combination with surfactants, have good cleaning properties. The surfactants remove dirtfrom a soiledsurface while themethyl estershelptodissolve the polar deposits so that they remain suspended in the solution rather than being re-deposited on clean surfaces. The detergencies of … Read more

Palm methyl esters have been found suitable as a green alternative to petroleum-based solvents. Palm methyl esters, in combination with surfactants, have good cleaning properties. The surfactants remove dirtfrom a soiledsurface while themethyl estershelptodissolve the polar deposits so that they remain suspended in the solution rather than being re-deposited on clean surfaces. The detergencies of … Read more

There is high demand for tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols) as standard reference materials in scientific analyses as well as medical research. In addition, many other industries use them, such as cosmetics and nutraceuticals. The high demand for tocols has boosted its price. While tocopherols are readily available from both natural and synthetic sources, the supply … Read more

Filtration is used to dewater effluent, slurry and sludge. Sludge dewatering reduces its water content to be disposed of in landfills and reduces the volume of the residue for more stable and economical operation of the effluent plant. The major sludge dewatering processes include rotary drum vacuum filter, belt filter press and filter press. They … Read more

In the clarification of crude palm oil in the mill, the crude slurry is held for 4 to 7 hr in a vertical clarifier to allow the oil to rise above the sludge. Hot water is added and the temperature maintained at 95o C to reduce the viscosity of the slurry to enhance the rising … Read more

The fibre produced from empty fruit bunches using a crusher and mechanical screw has a high percentage of fines. For certain products, fines in the fibre matrix are undesirable. The fines may be short fibre fragments and peeled-off cell walls. A dynamic washer has been designed by MPOB recently to remove fines from oil palm … Read more

The palm oil industry generates large volumes of palm oil mill effluent (POME) – 52 million tonnes by 392 palm oil mills in 2005 (0.7 t per tonne fresh fruit bunch processed). Due to the high organic content of POME, anaerobic, followed by aerobic, digestion are employed to reduce its biological oxygen demand (BOD) to … Read more

The annual import of carbon products by Malaysia is approximately RM 24 million (Mohamad et al., 2000). Electrical carbon brush (ECB) is made of carbon and graphite with substantial amounts of metal powder and some additives for lubrication and adhesion. Measured amounts of these materials are ground, blended and mixed according to the grade required before … Read more