(MPOB Transfer of Technology)
In the clarification of crude palm oil in the mill, the crude slurry is held for 4 to 7 hr in a vertical clarifier to allow the oil to rise above the sludge. Hot water is added and the temperature maintained at 95o C to reduce the viscosity of the slurry to enhance the rising … Read more
The fibre produced from empty fruit bunches using a crusher and mechanical screw has a high percentage of fines. For certain products, fines in the fibre matrix are undesirable. The fines may be short fibre fragments and peeled-off cell walls. A dynamic washer has been designed by MPOB recently to remove fines from oil palm … Read more
The palm oil industry generates large volumes of palm oil mill effluent (POME) – 52 million tonnes by 392 palm oil mills in 2005 (0.7 t per tonne fresh fruit bunch processed). Due to the high organic content of POME, anaerobic, followed by aerobic, digestion are employed to reduce its biological oxygen demand (BOD) to … Read more
The annual import of carbon products by Malaysia is approximately RM 24 million (Mohamad et al., 2000). Electrical carbon brush (ECB) is made of carbon and graphite with substantial amounts of metal powder and some additives for lubrication and adhesion. Measured amounts of these materials are ground, blended and mixed according to the grade required before … Read more
Hard carbons or carbon glassy, are obtained from carbonization of pre-cursors such as thermosetting polymers (for example, phenol formaldehyde resins, furfuryl H alcohol and divinylbenzene styrene copolymer), cellulose, charcoal and coconut shell. Hard carbon is used in the production of carbon electrodes. Commercially, carbon electrodes are made from petroleum coke and graphite and pitch that … Read more
Production of advanced carbon products from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) has been investigated since 2003 (Astimar et al., 2003). Recently, MPOB has developed Pa process to prepare high porosity carbon and molecular sieve carbon (MSC) for gas filtration from EFB (Astimar et al., 2005a, b) (Figure 1). EFB contains about 77.7% holocellulose, made up … Read more
Carbon black is very fine carbon powder used mainly in rubber and automotive products, such as hoses, gaskets and coated fabrics. It is also used in inks and paints, Cplastics and in the manufacture of dry-cell batteries. Partial combustion of furnace oils, obtained from petroleum refining, is used to produce carbon blacks (furnace blacks). In … Read more
Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is the main solid waste obtained from milling process. However, due to its poor characteristics, it has limitation to be used as fuel. Therefore, the EFB needs to be upgraded and processed into briquettes via a proven technology. Main Research: Nasrin Abu Bakar
The adverse effects of sulphur to health and the environment have caused limits to be set for its content in diesel fuel. For example, the maximum sulphur content in the EC Directive 98/70/EC and US Environmental Protection Agency is 50 ppm (starting from year 2005) and 15 ppm (from October 2006), respectively. As a result, … Read more
All lubricants leak somewhat from their machinery. While this fairly innocuous in most applications, they may contaminate the food in the food-processing industry. The challenge is therefore to find a lubricant that meets its mechanical requirements and also the health standards. In recent years, due to the global establishment and implementation of Hazard Analysis and … Read more