(MPOB Transfer of Technology)
Microemulsions are normally isotropic (or clear), very small in droplet size (<100 nm), low in viscosity and are thermodynamically stable solutions. However, the ordinary emulsions appear as milky white sidpersions with higher viscosity, droplet size of >0.5 um and are only kinetically stable. Thus, since several years ago, the properties of the microemulsion system have … Read more
The most common problem associated with shaving is skin irritation, which includes nicks and cuts. Some skin irritation is unavoidable because of the removal of beard hair. Therefore, palm vitamin E (tocotrienol-rich product) is incorporated into shaving lather formulations to reduce skin inflammation and irritation and to reduce the amount of water loss from the … Read more
Hair grows from a bulb which consists of the dermal papolla and the hair matrix. The structure of hair is shown in Figure 1. Below the surface of hair is the hair root, which is enclosed within a hair dollicle. At the base of the hair follicle is the dermal papilla. The dermal papilla is … Read more
Crude glycerin of 75% to 85% is the major by-product from biodiesel plant. With the existing markets for glycerol, any increade in biodiesel production would indirectly skyrocket the glycerol supply. Moreover, the refining process and logistics of glycerol distribution will contribute to an increase in investment cost. Over the recent years, MPOB has developed a … Read more
Deodorant is one of the most common personal hygiene products used in the household. Liquid deodorants are applied to the body, especially to the underarms, to eliminate body odour caused by bacterial breakdown of perspiration. Deodorant are classified as over-the-counter (OTC) medicated cosmetics by the US Food and Drug Adminidtration (FDA). Many deodorants are alcohol-based. Alcohol initially … Read more
Oil losses occur at various stages of milling, particularly at the sterilizer station and oil recovery station. It is estimated that the oil content in the sterilizer condensate and sludge/ decanter is about 0.16% and 0.46% of the fresh fruit bunches (FFB), respectively (Othman and Ng, 2003). These two sludges are mixed and normally refereed … Read more
The cold soak filterability test (CSFT) was introduced as one of the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) D6751-09a specifications in 2009. This requirement is mandatory for all biodiesel sold and used as blending stock in the USA. The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), through commercial experiences and know how of the characteristic of … Read more
In 2009, Malaysian mills produced 27 000 t of PSO. The PSO collected from local palm oil mills has a high free fatty acid (FFA) content of up to 80% wt. PSO is normally sold at a discounted price relative to CPO and is exported to Third World countries for making soap. The typical properties … Read more
Being among the world’s largest palm oil producers, Malaysia generates huge quantities of oil palm biomass. The oil palm biomass, in particular mesocarp fibre, empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm shells, generated from the milling process has long been identifies and utilized as a sustainable renewable energy (RE) fuel in the country. To enhance furl quality … Read more
In concrete block production, a mould release agent is needed for lubrication during the process of detaching the moulded concrete from the mould. The mould release agent is called mould oil. Currently, concrete block manufacturers use a petroleum-based mould oil as the mould release agent. Frequent use of this oil causes health problems and has … Read more