Several researchers have reported the importance of total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon per nitrogen ratios (C/N) in microbial cultures. These information are useful in understanding the metabolism of microbes and may be used to select the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for cultivation. In wastewater and stream water, the analysis is important to determine the level of toxicity and its effect on the environment. TOC, TC, TN and C/N analyses of liquid samples are different compared to the analyses of solid samples (soils and sediments). TC in liquid samples is a sum of all organic carbon atoms covalently bonded in the organic molecules of a given sample. 

Main Research: Mohd Mazmira Mohd Masri