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Malaysia exports activated carbon to markets such as Japan (31%), Italy (15%) and the United Kingdom (11%) (Roskill, 2003). From the large number of small activated carbon producers in Malaysia, a total production of about 20 000t yr1 has been reported. The demand for activated carbon is forecast to rise by 3%-5% per year in … Read more

High demand for medium density fibreboard (MDF) in the world market has led MDF manufacturers to increase their production capacity. This has resulted in an increased requirement for raw materials to fulfill the market demand. In Malaysia, MDF manufacturers are using rubberwood as their main raw material, and currently the supply of this material is … Read more

The conventional palm oill mills produce crude palm oil (CPO), palm kernels and other oil palm biomass such as empty fruit bunches (EFB), fibre, shells and palm oil mill effluent (POME. Biomass such as EFB is used as mulch in the plantation to retain and recycle soil nutrients. In addition, all palm oil mills in … Read more

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) generated by the milling process has a high soluble organic content, and biochemical oxygen demand/chemicaloxygen demand (BOD/COD) >0.45. This is indicative that it is a good source material for biological performance, especially in a tropical climate such as in Malaysia, thus making anaerobic digestion the most economical and most applicable … Read more

Crude pal oil (CPO) is produced in palm oil mills by squeezing the oil out from the digested mesocarp of the palm fruits. The current practice at all the palm oil mills in Malaysia is to use mechanical screw presses to squeeze out the oil from the mesocarp. However, mechanical methods have their limitations as … Read more