The systematic rotational grazing of cattle in oil palm plantations requires a minimum economic size of 100 cows in 400 ha (tot nO.96 and No.410). Thus, the technology is only suitable for estates. For smallholdings of 10 ha, an intensive management system is recommended. In an intensive cattle management system, cattle are stall-fed in the cattle house. This system is popular for fattening before slaughtering. The intensive system is adopted to breed cattle.

Main Research: Kamil Azmi Tohiran