TS

Glufosinate ammonium is the common name for ammonium-2-amino –4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-butanoate C5 H15NO4 P, sold commercially as Basta. The structure is shown in Figure 1. The crystals are colourless with a melting point of 216°C. The molecular weight is 198.16 and solubility 1370 mg litre-1 and 0.16 mg litre-1 at 20°C in water and acetone, respectively. Main … Read more

Based on ASTM D 4052. A small volume of the biodiesel sample is introduced into an oscillating sample tube and the change in oscillating frequency caused by the change in the mass of the tube is used in conjunction with the calibration data to determine the density of the sample. Main Research: Yung Chee Liang 

Based on ASTM D 445. The kinematic viscosity is the time taken by a volume of sample (liquid form) to flow under gravity through a calibrated glass capillary viscometer. The unit is in mm2 s-1. Main Research: Yung Chee Liang 

Based on ASTM D 93 and using a PenskyMartens closed cup tester. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which an ignition source ignites the vapours from the sample under the specified conditions of the test. Main Research: Yung Chee Liang

Based on ISO 10370. EN 14214 requires the test to be carried out on a 10% distillation residue of the sample while ASTM D 6751 requires 100% sample without prior distillation. The carbon residue value approximates the tendency of biodiesel to form deposits. The carbon residue is the residual material after evaporation and pyrolysis of … Read more