(MPOB Transfer of Technology)
Composting organic waste is a wellknown practice for converting solid wastes into a useful fertilizer. Organic wastes represent a substantial amount of the community and agricultural wastes which include green waste, sewage sludge, food processing waste and palm oil milling wastes. In composting, there may be problems with stench, leachate, vermin and fl ies in … Read more
There is increasing interest to use oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) to make pulp and paper in Malaysia. With its large cultivation of oil palm, EFB is amply available (an estimated 5 million tonnes a year, dry weight). As a cellulosic material of oil palm, it can be used to make pulp without depleting … Read more
Malaysia is the world’s second producer of palm oil with 4.3 million hectares of the crop producing 15.9 million tonnes of the oil. As the crop is grown in a cycle of 25 – 30 years, it is estimated that more than 70 000 ha will have to be replanted every year, requiring the felling … Read more
Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) is a white powder with high opacity, excellent whiteness, excellent covering power and resistance to colour change. These properties make it an excellent pigment for a broad range of applications – paints, plastic goods, inks and paper. In cosmetic and skin care products, TiO2 is used both as a pigment and thickener, … Read more
Most products are produced to satisfy consumer needs. For quality control, they are tested for their performance. Sometimes, their properties, e.g. viscosity and pH, are measured using various instruments. But, unfortunately, the perceived characteristics cannot be measured by any instrument, and sensory analysis has to be resorted to, instead. Products such as food, household chemicals, cosmetic … Read more