Shake-flask cultivation is a very effective method for growing cells on a laboratory-scale; however, its usefulness is restricted by inter-flask variation and lack of control over the culture environment. In comparison, biorectors confer many advantages for the growth of plant cell and organ cultures. Most biorectors have either mechanical or gas agitation for proper mixing to maintain a nearly homogeneous culture, while the chemical and physical environment can be controlled for optimum growth. Biorectors have two advantages over flasks for culturing plant cells. The first is in providing better control of the system; secondly, bioreactors can be reproduced on a large scale. 

Main Research: Samsul Kamal Bin Rosl