Hard carbons or carbon glassy, are obtained from carbonization of pre-cursors such as thermosetting polymers (for example, phenol formaldehyde resins, furfuryl H alcohol and divinylbenzene styrene copolymer), cellulose, charcoal and coconut shell. Hard carbon is used in the production of carbon electrodes. Commercially, carbon electrodes are made from petroleum coke and graphite and pitch that […]

Production of advanced carbon products from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) has been investigated since 2003 (Astimar et al., 2003). Recently, MPOB has developed Pa process to prepare high porosity carbon and molecular sieve carbon (MSC) for gas filtration from EFB (Astimar et al., 2005a, b) (Figure 1). EFB contains about 77.7% holocellulose, made up […]

Carbon black is very fine carbon powder used mainly in rubber and automotive products, such as hoses, gaskets and coated fabrics. It is also used in inks and paints, Cplastics and in the manufacture of dry-cell batteries. Partial combustion of furnace oils, obtained from petroleum refining, is used to produce carbon blacks (furnace blacks). In […]

Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is the main solid waste obtained from milling process. However, due to its poor characteristics, it has limitation to be used as fuel. Therefore, the EFB needs to be upgraded and processed into briquettes via a proven technology. Main Research: Nasrin Abu Bakar 

The adverse effects of sulphur to health and the environment have caused limits to be set for its content in diesel fuel. For example, the maximum sulphur content in the EC Directive 98/70/EC and US Environmental Protection Agency is 50 ppm (starting from year 2005) and 15 ppm (from October 2006), respectively. As a result, […]