Regularly drinking water high in arsenic results in chronic health problems. The Food Chemical Codex (FCC) and Cosmetics, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA) specify the maximum permissible limit of arsenic at 3 mg kg-1 while the United States Phamacopoeia (USP) at 1.5 mg kg-1. Main Research: Dr. Mohtar Yusof

Methyl esters are prepared via two routes, i.e. transesterification of vegetable oils with methanol or esterification of fatty acids with methanol. The former is the more common method, but the reaction may be incomplete leaving some residual oil with the methyl esters. This oil, or oil residue, should be monitored and preferably removed to produce high […]

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the sine qua non of many molecular biology laboratories. It basically uses enzymes to mass replicate a portion of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand for easier analysis, such as in searching for genes of interest. Like the nuclear chain reaction, PCR is an exponential process that continues as long […]

MPOB has purchased a FACS Calibur Flow Cytometer (Becton Dickinson, USA) in 2003 (Figure 1). It is equipped with an argon ion laser for analysis of the fluorescent intensity of nuclei using the CellQuest software. Flow cytometry (FCM) is a rapid and convenient technique that allows accurate determination of (1) nuclear DNA content or genome […]