Month: February 2020

Crayons are most often used by children on various types of paper, such as notebook paper, art paper and posterboard. They are available in a wide collection of colours ranging from primary colours to fluorescent colours. They are formulated from combinations of waxes, colourants, colour extenders and other additives. Figure 1 shows some of the … Read more

Palm oil contains many valuable components (phytonutrients) that are beneficial to health. These phytonutrients include the carotenes (500 – 700 ppm), tocols (600 -1000 ppm), sterols (250 -620 ppm), squalene (200-600 ppm), ubiquinones (250-300 ppm) and phospholipids (20-80 ppm) (Goh et al., 1985). Main Researcher: Dr Choo Yuen May

Crude palm oil consists of 1% phytonutrients namely the carotenes, vitamin E; tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols), squalene and sterols (Goh et al., 1985). These phytonutrients have gained considerable importance as they exhibit properties that allow them to have a promising future in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals as well as cosmetics industries. The individual carotenes, tocols and sterols … Read more

Palm oil methyl esters are obtained from esterification and transesterification of crude palm oil with methanol using a suitable catalyst. It has been successfully evaluated as a diesel substitute, thus palm oil methyl esters are also known as palm diesel. Main Researcher: Dr Choo Yuen May

Sterilization is one of the key processes in the palm oil mill. The fresh fruit bunches are cooked using steam at a pressure of 3 bar for about 70 to 90 min. The bunches are sterilized in batches using two to six horizontal cylindrical shaped vessels called sterilizers fitted with one or two quick opening … Read more