The importance of basal stem rot (BSR) infected stumps as foci of new infection is of considerable relevance to planting point sanitation. This was shown by results of a trial in which bait seedlings were planted at different levels of BSR points (Khairudin, 1990; Flood et al., 2000). Idris et al. (2004) reported that 87.5% of […]

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.) produces protein inclusions (parasporal inclusions) adjacent to the endospore during sporulation. The parasporal inclusions consist of one or more insecticidal proteins in the form of a crystal or crystal complex. These insecticidal proteins are commonly known as insecticidal crystal proteins (ICP) or delta (δ) endotoxin. The primary insecticidal activity of Bt. is due […]

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.), which harbours Cry 1 delta-endotoxins is effective for the control of several lepidopteran insect pests. It is lepidopteran specific, environmental friendly, does not affect man, bird, fish and therefore, an ideal alternative for chemical insecticide. New Bt. strains and formulations rapidly introduced in the 1990s had further increased the Bt market. In Europe […]

A cost-effective loose fruit collection system is still one of the main targets of oil palm industry. Various inventions have been introduced but the objective has not been met due to the various technical limitations and constraints. Therefore, collection of loose fruits by raking is still being practiced, with a high percentage of debris. The debris content […]

For many years in Malaysia, phosphate rock (PR) from Christmas Island (CIRP) has been used most exclusively as the P source for plantation crops including oil palm. This source was shown in oil palm trials to be as effective as soluble P fertilizer (Chan, 1982). The effects of direct application of phosphate rock on mature […]